中国陆相致密油富集规律及勘探开发关键技术研究进展

Advances on continental tight oil accumulation and key technologies for exploration and development in China

陆相致密油是中国近期现实的非常规石油资源,是国内石油资源储产量增长的重要补充。研究团队立足国家科技重大专项"致密油富集规律与勘探开发关键技术"研究目标引导、国家重点实验室室内测试和中石油8家油公司现场试验,针对中国陆相致密油理论技术研发和勘探开发实践取得3方面研究进展。(1)形成条件方面:发现纹层状富有机质页岩是主力烃源岩,发育陆源碎屑、内碎屑等多种类型有利储集层,主要包括源内和近源2种大面积连续分布的成藏组合;(2)富集规律方面:明确有利储集相带、近烃源中心、一定构造背景是富集高产的3个共性主控因素,评价致密油资源规模为106.5×10~8t,识别出40个富集区带,储备了一批可钻"甜点区";(3)勘探开发关键技术方面:多尺度致密储层表征、资源分级评价、"甜点区"地震响应及工程评价、致密储层改造技术、致密油有效开发技术等取得新进展。研究成果支撑中国陆相致密油整体快速发展,截至2018年底,已探明石油地质储量为4.37×10~8t、三级储量为30.19×10~8t,新建产能为331×10~4t。建议后续研究聚焦碎屑岩、混积岩-沉凝灰岩、湖相碳酸盐岩等3大领域,着力深化富集规律研究、甜点评价预测、开发关键技术、储层高效改造技术、重点盆地实践应用等5方面研究,支撑中国陆相致密油地质工程一体化稳步发展。

Continental tight oil is a realistic unconventional petroleum resource in recent years in China and an important supplement to the growth of domestic petroleum reserves and production.In the first three years of the 13 th Five-Year Plan,the research team has made three research advances in the theoretical and technological research and exploration and development practice of continental tight oil in China,based on the guidance of the research objectives of the China National Science and Technology Major Project"Enrichment Regularity and Key Technologies for Exploration and Development of Tight Oil",the laboratory test of the State Key Laboratory and the field test of eight petroleum companies of CNPC.(1)Formation conditions:It is found that the lamellar organic-rich shale is the main source rock,and there are many types of favorable reservoirs,such as terrigenous clasts and internal clasts,which mainly include two kinds of large-scale and continuous distribution of reservoir-forming assemblages within source and near source.(2)Enrichment rules:It is demonstrated that favorable reservoir facies zone,near hydrocarbon source center and certain tectonic background are the three common controlling factors for enrichment and high production,and the scale of tight oil resources is estimated to be 106.5×10~8t.Forty enrichment zones were identified and a number of drillable"sweet areas"were pointed out.(3)Key exploration and development technologies:new progress has been made in multi-scale tight reservoir characterization,resource grading evaluation,source rock-reservoir quality logging evaluation,"sweet area"seismic response and engineering evaluation,tight oil effective development technology,tight reservoir reconstruction technology,etc.Based on the above research China of continental tight oil has vealised overall rapid development,by the end of 2018,the proven petroleum geological reserves are 4.37×10~8t,the predicted reserves are 30.19×10~8t,and the new capacity is 331×10~4t.In the last two years of the 13 th Five-Year Plan,we should focus on three major areas:Clastic rock,hubrid rock tuff and lacustrine carbonate rock,and focus on five aspects:Deepening enrichment regularity research,"sweet area"evaluation and prediction,key development technologies,efficient reservoir transformation technology and practical application of key basins,so as to support the stable development of the integration of continental tight oil geological engineering in China.