水稻叶倾角分子机制及育种应用的研究进展

Advances in Molecular Mechanisms of Rice Leaf Inclination and Its Application in Breeding

水稻叶倾角是指叶片与茎秆之间的夹角,叶倾角影响叶片光合作用速率,与株型和产量密切相关,如直立叶片就是水稻理想株型形态因素之一。叶倾角的大小受到多种植物激素的调控,是油菜素内酯、生长素、赤霉素、茉莉酸等多种激素相互作用的结果,另外,其他因素如根系分布、叶片大小、生长环境等也会对水稻叶倾角大小产生一定的影响。本文根据水稻叶倾角的研究进展,着重从叶枕的发育、激素水平及其他因素等方面,对水稻叶倾角的分子机制及其在育种中的应用进行阐述与总结,以期为水稻株型的分子设计育种提供参考,为进一步提高水稻的产量奠定理论基础。

Rice leaf inclination refers to the degree of bending between leaves and stems, which is one of the most important factors affecting plant architecture and grain yield. Leaf inclination affects leaf photosynthesis rate. Upright leaves are one of the factors of the ideal plant type of rice. Leaf inclination is regulated by a variety of genes, and is the result of interactions between various plant hormones such as brassinosteroids, auxin, gibberellin, and jasmonic acid. Other factors such as root distribution, leaf size, and growth environment also have a certain impact on the leaf inclination. Based on the research progress of rice leaf inclination, this review summarizes and elaborates on the molecular mechanism of rice leaf inclination and the application of leaf inclination in breeding from the aspects of lamina joint development, hormone levels and other factors, so as to provide reference for ideal plant type breeding and lay a theoretical foundation for further improvement of rice yield.