两种人工鱼礁单体模型静态堆积效果

Static accumulation effect of two artificial reef monomer models

我国人工鱼礁建设呈规模大型化和结构多样化的发展趋势,并开始向深水区域拓展。本研究采用静态堆积实验,类比研究了我国近海框架型鱼礁单体与HUT型鱼礁单体在堆积建设单位鱼礁时的成堆效果与堆积表现。从鱼礁单体结构形态的角度,分别比较了两种单体模型在成堆过程中的空方增长率、空方体积比及其高度贡献率随单体数量的变化。结果显示:①在相同的单体使用量下,框架型单体鱼礁的空方增长率高于HUT型单体,形成单位鱼礁的规模和底面积相对较大,适用于海流较缓、水深较浅的海域;HUT型单体形成单位鱼礁的空方体积比框架型鱼礁高,形成单位鱼礁形态较为高耸且透空、透水性较好,适用于水深相对较大的海域。②从单体对单位鱼礁高度的贡献率角度考量,同时使得两种单体特性的差异充分展现,建议使用框架型单体进行单位鱼礁建设,堆积数量应超过28个,选用HUT型鱼礁单体时,堆积数量则应超过40个。

The trend of artificial reefs construction in China has following two aspects:using large-scale artificial reef construction project to enhance the ecological effect of hard substrate,and using offshore artificial reef construction to extend the stock enhancement function of hard substrate.Static accumulation experiment was conducted to analyse the stacking effect and performance of regular frame reef monomer and HUT reef monomer,which are commonly used for offshore reef pile construction in China.In view of the structure and shape of reef monomer,the index of coefficients,such as the volume growth rate,the volume ratio and stack slope angle of the two monomers(regular frame reef monomer vs.HUT reef monomer)models in the experiment were compared.Also,we compared the change of efficiency in different quantity between two monomers.The results showed that:using the same quantity monomer condition model,the volume growth rate of the regular frame reef monomer is higher than that of the HUT reef monomer,and the scale and bottom area of the artificial mound are relatively higher.regular frame reef:7.799±0.057.This result demonstrated that regular frame reef monomer is more appropriate for artificial reef construction in slow current and shallow waters.While the volume ratio of the HUT monomer forming-mound structure is higher than that of the regular frame reef forming-mound structure.This result showed that HUT reef monomer forming mound is relatively taller and more permeable,which is more appropriate for offshore artificial reef construction project.From the perspective of the height contribution rate of two types of monomer mound,and the difference of the characteristics of the two monomers is fully demonstrated in our study.Specifically,to achieve effective physical effect of artificial reef mound,the minimum number of regular frame reef units is 28 while that of the HUT reef unit is 40.