基于认可视角的法医临床鉴定标准实施评价和对策

Evaluation and Countermeasures of the Implementation of Forensic Clinical Identification Standards Based on the Perspective of Accreditation

2018年实施的新《标准化法》增设了标准实施后评价制度,旨在通过实施后评价持续提升标准质量。司法鉴定领域的标准与认可活动密切相关,标准是开展认可活动所依据的准则,也是认可活动中考察鉴定机构的重点内容之一。2018年以来,司法鉴定行业认证认可的政策也在发生变化,对基于认可的标准体系建设带来冲击。通过分析中国合格评定国家认可中心关于法医临床鉴定认可评审的标准数据,指出当前实验室认可活动覆盖有限、各省市发展不平衡、在用标准存在重叠和交叉现象,强调应加快推进全国司法鉴定标准化技术委员会建设、完善司法鉴定标准体系、确立标准实施评价指标体系、推进标准和认证认可的协调,以期持续推进司法鉴定领域的标准化和认可活动。

The new Standardization Law, implemented in 2018, has added a standard post-implementation evaluation system, aiming to continuously improve the quality of standards through post-implementation evaluation. Standards in the forensic science field are closely related to accreditation activities.Forensic science standards are not only the criteria on which accreditation activities are carried out,but also one of the key contents of the inspection of forensic science institutions in accreditation activities. Since 2018, the certification and accreditation policies in the forensic science field have also been changed, which has brought impacts on the construction of a standard system based on accreditation.This paper analyzes the standard data from China National Accreditation Center from Conformity Assessment on forensic clinical identification accreditation assessment. It points out that the current coverage of laboratory accreditation activities is limited, the development in different provinces is unbalanced, and there is overlap and crossover in the standards in use. It is emphasized that the construction of the national forensic science standardization technical committee, the improvement of the forensic science standard system, the establishment of the standard implementation evaluation index system, and promotion of the coordination of standards, and the certifications and accreditations should be accelerated, in order to continue to promote the standardization and accreditation activities in the field of forensic science.