国家管控与旗地出典——康雍乾三朝旗地的典卖

National Control and Sale of Banner Land——Sale of Banner Land in KangXi-YongZheng-QianLong Reigns Period

旗地是清统治者分配给旗人的一种土地形式。随着旗人生计问题的出现,旗地的典卖现象随即产生。旗地的典卖呈现出多种不同的方式,国家采取相应的措施进行应对。国家的管控与旗人生计问题的解决相矛盾,清政府所推行的土地政策无法与社会生产力相适应,也就无法从根本上解决旗人出典旗地的问题。

Banner land is a form of land that the rulers of the Qing Dynasty assigned to the banner people. With the emergence of the problem of the livelihood of the banner people, the phenomenon of the pawn and sale of the banner land is immediately ensued. The pawn and sale of banner land presents a variety of different ways, and the state takes corresponding measures to deal with it. The control of the state is in contradiction with the settlement of the problem of the livelihood of the banner people. The land policy pursued by the Qing government cannot be adapted to the social productive forces, and it is impossible to fundamentally solve the problem of the banner people’s pawn and sale of the banner land.