军队医院急诊护患暴力冲突现状

Status Quo of Violent Conflicts Involving Emergency Nurses in Military Hospitals

目的了解军队医院急诊护士暴力冲突的现状及应对方式。方法采用方便整群抽样的方法使用2008版工作场所暴力调查表对上海市3家军队医院的188名护士进行调查,调查内容包括一般资料、暴力的频率和类型、暴力的特点、对急诊护士的影响以及应对等。结果188名被调查的护士中,有43名(22.9%)1年内至少经历过1次暴力冲突事件,62名(32.9%)护士1年内经历过2~3次暴力冲突事件,仅有29名(15.4%)的护士1年内未经历过暴力冲突事件。经历的暴力冲突的方式主要以言辞辱骂(89.9%)为主,场所主要发生在输液室(58.5%),发生时间以白班为主(81.4%),施暴者主要为患者家属(89.9%),男性居多(90.4%),给急诊护士造成的影响主要是委屈(86.2%)、工作热情下降(75.5%)、产生离职想法(60.1%)。急诊护士的应对方式主要是忍让回避(69.7%)、耐心解释(59.6%)等。医院工作场所暴力冲突发生与护士文化程度、工作年限显著相关(P<0.05)。结论军队医院急诊护士经历暴力冲突的频率较高,需进行进一步的干预研究,从而降低暴力冲突的发生率。

Objective To investigate the current situation and countermeasures of violent conflicts involving emergency nurses in military hospitals. Methods A survey of 188 nurses in 3 military hospitals in Shanghai was conducted by using the 2008 Version of the Workplace Violence Questionnaire,including their general information,frequency and type of violence,characteristics of violence,impact on emergency nurses,and nurses' responses. Results Of the 188 nurses surveyed,43 ( 22.9%) experienced at least one violent conflict in one year,62 ( 32.9%) experienced 2-3 violent conflicts in one year,and only 29 ( 15.4%) experienced no violent conflict in one year. The major form of violent conflict was verbal abuse ( 89.9%),the major scene was transfusion room ( 58. 5%),and the major occurring time was during day shift ( 81.4%). Most of the perpetrators were pateints' family members ( 89.9%) and males ( 90.4%). The main impacts on emergency nurses included feeling of grievance ( 86. 2%),decreased work enthusiasm ( 75.4%) and increased turnover intention ( 60.1%). The major countermeasures taken by emergency nurses were tolerance or avoidance ( 69.7%) and patient explanation ( 59.6%). There was a correlation between the occurrence of violent conflict in hospital and nurses' educational level and working experi- ences ( P<0.05). Conclusion The frequency of violent conflicts experienced by emergency nurses in military hos- pitals is high,and further intervention studies are needed to reduce the incidence of violent conflicts.