免疫性血小板减少症治疗新药fostamatinib的研究现状

The new drug fostamatinib for the treatment of immune thrombocytopenia

免疫性血小板减少性症(ITP)属于自体免疫性疾病,主要特征以持续性血小板减少及皮肤黏膜出血为主。ITP患者血液存在抗血小板抗体,抗体包被的血小板被脾脏巨噬细胞所清除,抗体还可引起巨核细胞出现异常,导致血小板生成减少。2018年4月美国食品和药物管理局批准fostamatinib用于治疗成人ITP。fostamatinib为全新作用机制的脾酪氨酸激酶抑制剂。文中对fostamatinib的作用机制、药效学、药代动力学、药物相互作用、临床评价和安全性等进行综述。

Immune thrombocytopenia(ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by continuously decrease of platelet and the skin mucous membrane bleeding. The autoantibodies against platelet in the blood of ITP patients combine platelets that induces destruction by macrophages in the spleen and insufficient megakaryocyte platelet production. In April 2018, fostamatinib has been approved by the U.S. FDA for the treatment of ITP in adult patients. Fostamatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with a new mechanism of action. The action mechanism, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, clinical evaluation, and safety of fostamatinib were reviewed.