儿童14种食物不耐受情况调查分析

Investigation and analysis of intolerance in 14 kinds of food for children

目的分析2011年5月-2018年7月开封市儿童医院门诊、病房3 026例患儿食物特异性IgG抗体检测结果。方法采用酶联免疫法半定量检测受检患儿血清中14种食物特异性IgG抗体浓度。结果食物特异性IgG抗体总阳性率为51.55%,14种食物IgG抗体阳性率从高到低依次排列为牛奶、鸡蛋、小麦、西红柿、大豆、玉米、牛肉、大米、鳕鱼、螃蟹、鸡肉、虾、蘑菇、猪肉;不同性别患儿间牛奶、鸡蛋、小麦、西红柿、大豆高阳性食物特异性IgG抗体阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);不同年龄组间牛奶、西红柿差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论儿童中食物不耐受现象较为普遍,各地区食物不耐受特异性IgG抗体阳性率存在较大差异,及时准确检测血清食物特异性IgG抗体有助于本地区儿童早期诊断和预防食源性不良反应。

Objective To analyze the results of food-specific IgG antibodies in 3 026 outpatients and inpatients of Kaifeng Children's Hospital from May 2011 to July 2018. Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA) was used to detect the concentration of 14 food-specific IgG antibodies in serum of children. Results The total positive rate of food specific IgG antibody was 51. 55%. The positive rate of 14 kinds of food IgG antibody was in turn as follows: milk,egg,wheat,tomato, soybean,corn,beef,rice,cod,crab,chicken,shrimp,mushroom,pork;and the difference in the positive rate of specific IgG antibody among milk,eggs,wheat,tomato,soybean was not statistically significant ( P > 0. 05 ). There was statistical significance on the difference in milk and tomato among different age groups ( P < 0. 05). Conclusion Food intolerance is common in children,and the positive rate of food intolerance-specific IgG antibody varies greatly in different regions. Timely detection of serum food-specific IgG antibody is helpful for the early diagnosis and prevention of food-borne adverse reactions in children in Kaifeng.