丛枝菌根化滇重楼幼苗根际土壤微环境的研究

Rhizospheric Soil Microenvironment of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis Seedlings Colonized by Arbuscular mycorrhizal Fungi

[目的]研究丛枝菌根(Arbuscular mycorrhiza,AM)真菌对滇重楼幼苗根际土壤微生物数量及酶活性的影响。[方法]采用盆栽实验对滇重楼幼苗接种28种AM真菌,通过稀释平板计数法测定根际土壤可培养微生物数量,并结合室内分析对其土壤酶活性进行研究。[结果]各接种AM真菌组菌根浸染率在75%~100%,接种不同AM真菌的滇重楼幼苗根际土壤中,土壤微生物数量、生物量碳及土壤酶活性存在差异,接种AM真菌提高了滇重楼幼苗根际土壤可培养细菌和放线菌数量,降低了滇重楼幼苗根际土壤可培养真菌数量,增加了土壤微生物碳源利用率,改变了土壤中物种的丰富度和均一度,增加了土壤中的生物多样性;促进了滇重楼幼苗根际土壤酶(蛋白酶、脲酶、磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶)活力的增加,尤其可显著增强磷酸酶、蔗糖酶的活性。[结论]AM真菌在不同程度上影响了滇重楼幼苗根际土壤微环境,对滇重楼人工栽培应用AM菌剂提供了重要的理论和实践价值。

[Objective]The present paper aimed to study the effect on the amount of rhizospheric soil microorganisms and soil enzyme activity of Parisbpolyphylla var.Yunnanens seedlings colonized by Arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)Fungi.[Method]A pot experiment was conducted and 28 species of AM fungi were inoculated in the seedlings of Paris polyphylla var.yunnanensis.The number of culturable microbes in rhizosphere soil was calculated by the dilution method of plate counting,and the laboratory analysis was used to analyze soil enzyme activity.[Result]The mycorrhizal infection rate of the different AM Fungi treatment groups was in the range of 75%- 100%. The difference of rhizospheric soil microorganism quantity,biomass carbon and soil enzyme activity of Paris polyphylla var.yunnanensis seedlings colonized by different AM Fungi exist.Inoculation with AM fungi increased the number of culturable bacteria and actinomycetes,decreased the number of culturable fungi in rhizosphere soil,and increased the utilization rate of the soil microbial carbon source.It also changed the richness and homogeneity of species in soil and increased the biodiversity of soil.The activities of soil enzymes(protease,urease,phosphatase,catalase and sucrase)in the rhizosphere of Paris polyphylla var.yunnanensis seedlings were increased,especially the activities of phosphatase and sucrase.[Conclusion]AM fungi affected the rhizosphere soil microenvironment of Paris polyphylla var.yunnanensis seedlings in different degrees and provided important theoretical and practical values for the artificial cultivation and application of AM fungi.