干旱地区耕地土壤养分空间变异性及其影响因素研究

Spatial Variability and Influence Factors of Soil Nutrients in Arid Regions

[目的]对干旱区土壤养分空间变异性以及研究区域内影响因子进行分析。[方法]研究基于喀什地区野外实地采集的418个表层(0~20 cm)土样,运用GIS空间分析技术和地统计学方法,定量分析土壤有效磷、有效硅以及微量元素有效锰和有效锌的空间变异性,探讨外部环境变量秸秆还田、棉花产量、玉米产量和土壤类型对相应研究元素空间分布的影响。[结果]各元素均符合正态分布,土壤中各元素变异程度均小于50%,该地区研究元素与环境因子之间具有空间相关性,局部差异性较强。[结论]有效硅和有效锰受秸秆还田影响较强,呈现负相关性;有效锰、有效硅随棉花空间分布呈现区域性;有效磷在不同土壤类型中变化较为平稳,波动性较弱,在栗钙土中元素整体变异性较弱。本研究对干旱地区土壤养分空间分布变异性及其影响因素提供相应的参考借鉴。

[Objective]Spatial variability and related factors of available phosphorus(P),available Silicon(Si),available Manganese(Mn)and available zinc(Zn)in soil were studied by using GIS spatial analysis technique.[Method]Based on 418 topsoil samples(0-20 cm)collected from field in Kashgar area,the authors studied the soil quality of the area Spatial variability of available phosphorus,available silicon,and micronutrient available manganese and zinc in Quantitative analysis soils,the effects of environmental variables such as straw returning,cotton yield,corn yield and soil type on the spatial distribution of elements were studied.[Result]All the elements showed normal distribution,and the variation degree of each element in the soil was less than 50%.There were spatial correlations between elements and environmental factors in this area.They showed significant spatial variety.[Conclusion]Effective silicon and effective manganese were strongly affected by straw returning and showed negative correlation,the distributions of effective manganese and effective silicon showed regional differences with the variations of cotton yield,and the variation of effective phosphorus in different soil types was stable with weak fluctuation.The elements in chestnut soils exhibited low spatial variety as whole.This study provides a reference for the spatial variability of soil nutrients and its influencing factors in arid areas.