中国高等教育价值取向70年变迁的历程、特点与发展思考——董泽芳教授专访

Thoughts on the Course,Characteristics and Development of 70 Years’ Change of Value Orientation of Higher Education in China:An Interview with Dong Zefang

高等教育价值取向是高等教育主体根据高等教育的核心要素及自身需求在对高等教育进行价值判断和价值选择时所表现出来的一种价值倾向性。高等教育价值取向支配着高等教育领域的一切活动,是判断高等教育各项活动是否合理的准则。70年来,中国高等教育价值取向的变迁发展是在不同的政治、经济和社会环境中进行的,前30年具有很强的政治性,改革开放后的20年具有明显的经济本位倾向,进入21世纪以后开始由社会本位向以人为本过渡。中国高等教育价值取向变迁具有国家主导与社会推动共振、内在价值与外在价值互补、同步变迁与适度超前融通、正向变迁与负向变迁同在、主轴价值与多元价值共存的特点。促进高等教育价值取向正向变迁,需要遵循科学发展的指导思想,确立以生为本的主轴价值,构建多元和谐的总体框架,坚持统筹兼顾的基本原则。

The value orientation of higher education is a kind of value tendency the main body of higher education shows when it judges and chooses the value of higher education according to the core elements of higher education and its own needs. The value orientation of higher education dominates all activities in the field of higher education and it is the criterion to judge whether the activities of higher education are reasonable or not. In the past 70 years,the change and development of the value orientation of higher education in China has been carried out in different political,economic and social environments. The first 30 years have a strong political character. The 20 years after the reform and opening-up have obvious economic orientation. After entering the 21st century,the transition from social orientation to the people-oriented orientation has begun. The change of value orientation of higher education in China has the characteristics of resonance between state-led and society-driven,complementarity of internal value and external value,synchronous change and moderate advanced integration,coexistence of positive change and negative change,and the coexistence of spindle value and pluralistic value. To promote the positive change of the value orientation of higher education,the guiding ideology of scientific development has to be followed,the principal value of taking students as the basis to be established,the overall framework of pluralism and harmony to be constructed,and the basic principle of overall planning and consideration to be adhered to.