知识产权审判中技术调查官的困境与出路——兼评《最高人民法院关于技术调查官参与知识产权案件诉讼活动的若干规定》

The Dilemma and Outlet of Technical Investigators in Intellectual Property Trials——Comment on the "Several Provisions of the Supreme People’s Court on the Investigation of Technical Investigators’ Participation in Intellectual Property Cases"

2019年通过的《最高人民法院关于技术调查官参与知识产权案件诉讼活动的若干规定》对技术调查官制度进行了全新安排。但现行的交流和兼职式技术调查官的弊端十分明显,技术调查官的设置方式值得进一步反思,技术调查意见是否公开有待进一步考量,与其他技术事实查明机制的衔接尚需进一步澄清。从完善我国技术调查官制度的立场出发,应当优化技术调查官任职与设置的方式,各人民法院按照案件审理的实际需要合理增加技术调查官的数量,按照二级学科类别设立子专家库;同时还应当适度公开技术调查意见,允许当事人质询和辩论;调整其他技术事实查明机制的应用规则,在有限适用专家陪审员制度的同时,明确技术调查意见与专家证人证言、司法鉴定意见之间的效力等级。

The Supreme People's Court's Several Provisions on the Participation of Technical Investigators in the Litigation Activities of Intellectual Property Cases has completely new arrangements for technical investigator system adopted in 2019.However,the shortcomings of current exchange and part-time technical investigators are very obvious.The way in which technical investigators are set up deserves further re flection.Whether technical survey opinions are open or not should be further considered and clarification is needed to link with other technical fact finding mechanisms.From the standpoint of perfecting China’s technical investigator system,it is necessary to optimize the way in which technical investigators are appointed.The people's courts should reasonably increase the number of technical investigators according to actual needs of cases,and establish sub-experts libraries in accordance with the secondary subject categories.Simultaneously,it is also necessary to appropriately disclose technical investigation opinions to allow parties concerned to question and debate.Finally,we should adjust the application rules of other technical fact finding mechanisms and clarify the level of effectiveness between technical appropriation opinions,expert witness testimony and judicial appraisal opinions when limiting the application of the expert jury system.