伊犁野生橡胶草居群的表型多样性分析

Analysis on Phenotypic Diversity of Wild Populations of Rubber Grass in Yili

以新疆伊犁的3个野生橡胶草居群(A、B、C)为研究对象,进行株幅、初花期天数、叶片长、叶片宽、叶片厚、花葶数、花葶长和花葶粗等8个表型性状的多样性分析。结果表明,45份野生橡胶草材料表型性状的变异系数为0.77%~47.54%,平均值为30.66%,多样性丰富;不同居群在株幅、叶片长、叶片宽、叶片厚和花葶粗等表型性状上存在显著差异,居群内的多样性十分丰富。聚类分析结果表明,欧氏距离为15时,可将45份野生橡胶草分为3个类群:第Ⅰ类群包括全部居群B和部分居群A与居群C的材料,第Ⅱ类群只包括了居群A的2份材料,第Ⅲ类群仅包括居群C的7份材料。表型性状的聚类分析结果与实际地理位置关系较大,与生长环境的关系相对较小。

The diversity of eight phenotypic traits including plant width, beginning of flowering, leaf length, leaf width, leaf thickness, number of scape, scape length and scape diameter was studied in three wild rubber grasses(Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin) populations in Yili of Xinjiang. The results showed that the variation coefficient of phenotypic characters of 45 wild rubber grass materials was 0.77%-47.54%, and the average was 30.66%. The phenotype diversity was rich within populations, and the phenotypic characters were significantly different in populations, such as plant width, leaf length, leaf width, leaf thickness and scape diameter. Cluster analysis results showed that 45 wild rubber grasses could be divided into three groups at 15 of euclidean distance, group Ⅰ included all the materials from population B and part of population A and C, the group Ⅱ only included two materials from population A, and group Ⅲ included seven materials just from group C. The correlation analysis showed that the phenotypic characters of rubber grass were more closely related to its geographical origin than growing environment.