不同肥料和栽培基质对盆栽月季生长开花的影响

Effects of Different Fertilizers and Substrates on Growth and Flowering of Potted Rose

试验采用随机区组设计,比较不同肥料(控释肥与普通复合肥)、不同栽培基质对盆栽月季基质养分和生长开花的影响,为盆栽月季生产提供科学依据。结果表明,控释肥效果好于普通复合肥,在氮磷钾养分释放速率方面更符合月季生长规律,氮磷钾养分的利用率更高;施用控释肥的月季在茎粗上与普通复合肥无明显差异,但在株高、叶片数、分枝数、花直径上优于普通复合肥,同时以草炭和珍珠岩作为基质进行无土栽培的月季在株高、茎粗、分枝数、花直径等指标上优于有土基质栽培的月季;以无土基质种植并施用5g控释肥栽培出的月季表现最好。采用无土基质、施用控释肥种植盆栽月季可提高其生产效率和品质。

Random block design was used to compare the effects of different fertilizers (controlled-release fertilizer and common compound fertilizer) and different cultivation substrates on the nutrient content and growth and flowering of potted rose substrates, so as to provide scientific basis for potted rose production. The result showed that controlled-release fertilizer had better effect than common compound fertilizer, and the release rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accorded with the growth law of rose better, and the utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was higher. There was no significant difference in stem diameter between controlled-release fertilizer and common compound fertilizer, but it was superior to common compound fertilizer in plant height, leaf number, branch number and flower diameter. At the same time, the soilless cultivation of roses with peat and perlite as substrates was superior to that with soilless formulation substrates in plant height, stem diameter, number of branches, flower diameter and other indicators. Under the experimental conditions, rose grown on soilless substrate and 5 g controlled-release fertilizer showed the best performance. Potted rose planted with soilless substrate and controlled-release fertilizer can improve its production efficiency and quality.