阻尼贴片式高速列车车轮振动声辐射试验分析

Experimental analysis of vibration and sound radiation of high-speed train wheels with damping patches

为了研究辐板不同阻尼贴片装置对高速列车车轮的减振降噪效果,在半消声室内进行标准车轮与阻尼贴片式车轮自由状态下的振动声辐射试验研究,并基于有限元法对车轮模态进行了仿真计算。研究结果表明:施加辐板阻尼贴片后,两种阻尼贴片车轮的固有频率与标准车轮相比变化不大,但对于频率在1600Hz以上各阶模态阻尼比显著增加。径向与轴向激励下的降噪效果均达到10dB(A)以上,可见两种阻尼贴片装置均具有良好的降噪效果。其中在增加了0.3mm铝合金薄板的情况下,W2车轮的降噪效果要略优于W1车轮,轴向激励下更加明显。

In order to study the vibration and noise reduction effect of different damping patch devices with spoked plates on high-speed train wheels, the vibration sound radiation test of standard wheels and damping patch wheels under free state was carried out in the semi-anechoic room, and the wheel modal was simulated based on the finite element method. The results show that the natural frequency of the two damping patch wheels does not change much compared with that of the standard wheels after the radial plate damping patch is applied, but the damping ratio of the modes above 1600 Hz increases significantly. The noise reduction effect under radial and axial excitation is more than 10 dB(A), indicating that both damping patch devices have good noise reduction effect. The noise reduction effect of W2 wheels is slightly better than that of W1 wheels when 0.3 mm aluminum alloy sheet is added, which is more obvious under axial excitation.