科学的“祛魅”——传播影响下科学的大众化路径

Demystification of Science: Approaches to Popularizing Science under Influence of Transmission

科学作为各种细化领域专业知识研究的体系总和,因其复杂的理论建构与实践要求,从诞生之日就被赋予强烈的精英色彩。但近半个世纪,特别是在新媒体和社交媒体时代到来的浪潮中,科学逐渐从神坛走下,原本只存在于专业术语和实验室中的科学事物变成具有引爆力的公共话题。在当前科学发展的新阶段,我们需要知道作为与普通大众日常生活交集较少的硬科学何以引起一场场全民参与的狂欢,乃至于网络空间中的相关者与无关者都纷纷登上内容生产的乐队花车;科学何以“升维”至全人类层次;传播在科学与公众间搭建了怎样的桥梁等此类问题。只有明白这些问题,科学传播才能不断地进步,在已有的文明层次上建构科学人类共同体。

Science has always been highly regarded ever since it was born, as a sum of overall systems of specific domain knowledge and research, embodying complicated theoretical construction and practice. However, in the past fifty years, especially with the advent of new media and social media, science has stepped down from its altar, and some terminologies and phenomena specialized in laboratories have even sparked hot debates in public. In this new stage of scientific development, to facilitate sustainable development of science communication, and construct human community of science on the basis of current civilization, such problems shall be better understood as:(1) what causes science, which used to interacts less with the populace, to involve more people to participate than ever;(2) how all kinds of people, relevant or not, have also taken part in;(3) how science could benefit all human beings;and (4) what a role would transmission play in bridging science and the public.