某区妊娠糖尿病发病现状及危险因素的探讨

Analysis of incidence and risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus in some area

目的探讨该院妊娠糖尿病(GDM)发病现状及危险因素的分析,为临床预防和治疗提供理论依据。方法采用随机、整群抽样的方法,统计2018年1-6月在该院产检孕妇1646例,年龄18~45岁,孕周为24~28周且具备完整病历资料,以产次为标准分为头胎组和二胎组,从头胎组中随机选取100例诊断为GDM的为头胎GDM组,从二胎组随机选取100例诊断为GDM的为二胎GDM组,以同期体检正常孕妇100例为健康对照组。结果该区GDM发病率为21.08%,其中糖尿病(DM)发病率为5.89%,糖耐量减退(IGT)发病率14.76%,DM和IGT二胎发病率高于头胎发病率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);空腹血糖受损(IFG)发病率为0.42%,头胎与二胎发病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析发现,年龄、体质量、血压、血脂是GDM的危险因素。结论随着生活水平的提高,二孩政策的放开,应加强对GDM的宣教和科学防治。

Objective To explore the present situation and risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)in our district in order to provide theoretical basis for clinical prevention and treatment of GDM.Methods By means of random and cluster sampling,1 646 pregnant women,aged 18 to 45 years old,were collected from January to June 2018 in the peopleundefineds Hospital of Gaoming District,Foshan City,and complete medical records were available.The first fetus group and the second fetus group were randomly divided into the first fetus group and the second fetus group.At the same time,100 cases of the first fetus diagnosed as GDM were randomly selected as the first fetus GDM group,100 cases of the second fetus diagnosed as GDM were taken as the second fetus GDM group,and 100 cases of normal pregnant women in the same period were taken as the normal control group.Results The incidence of GDM in this area was 21.08%,among which the incidence of DM was 5.89%,and the incidence of DM and IGT was 14.76%.The incidence of DM and IGT was higher than that of the first fetus(P<0.05).The incidence of IFG was 0.42%in pregnant women,and there was no significant difference between the first and second pregnancies(P>0.05).The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age,body weight,blood pressure and blood lipid were the risk factors for GDM.Conclusion The incidence of GDM is relatively high in our district,which needs attention.