西部贫困县社区居民乳腺癌预防保健知信行的现况调查

Survey on knowledge,belief and behavior of breast cancer prevention and health care among community residents in western poverty stricken counties

目的调查西部贫困县社区居民乳腺癌预防保健的现状,探讨更易于被社区居民接受的健康教育方式。方法采用一般资料调查表、乳腺癌预防保健知识、行为问卷和社区妇女乳腺癌预防保健信念调查问卷,对5个国家级西部贫困县202名社区居民进行调查。结果调查对象乳腺癌预防保健知识得分为0~5分,中位数为2.00分;信念得分为(42.37±4.82)分;行为得分为0~4分,中位数为1.00分;知识知晓率为10.89%~46.03%;行为掌握率为0~56.93%。多元逐步回归分析结果显示年龄、家族史和获取乳腺癌保健信息途径是知识的影响因素;民族、家族史是信念的影响因素;获取乳腺癌保健信息途径是行为的影响因素。结论西部贫困县社区居民乳腺癌预防保健的知识、信念、行为情况不容乐观,需通过适合当地特色的方式加强对贫困地区社区居民的健康教育强度,相关部门需针对不同人群采取不同形式、多种方式的健康知识普及和咨询服务,从而提高社区居民的乳腺癌预防水平。

Objective To investigate the status of breast cancer prevention and care among community residents in poverty-stricken counties in west China,and to provide basis for exploring health education methods that were more easily accepted by residents.Methods A general data questionnaire,breast cancer prevention-related knowledge and behavioral questionnaires,community women's breast cancer prevention and health care belief questionnaire were used to survey 202 community residents in five national poverty counties.Results The knowledge score was 0~5 points,median was 2.00.The health belief score was(42.37±4.82).The behavioral score was 0~4 points,median was 1.00.Knowledge awareness rate was 10.89%~46.03%,and behavior mastery rate was 0~56.93%.Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that age,family history and access were the influencing factors of knowledge,ethnic and family history were the influencing factors of belief,havingaccess or not for the information of breast cancer prevention and health care was the influencing factor of behavior.Conclusion The knowledge,beliefs and behaviors of breast cancer prevention and health care among residents in western areas are not optimistic.It is necessary to strengthen the health education intensity of residents in poverty-stricken areas through appropriate methods.Relevant departments need to adopt different forms and various ways to popularize health knowledge for different groups of people,as well as providing consulting services to improve the level of breast cancer prevention among residents.