基层智慧监管的政策过程与创新机制——以东部沿海城市区级市场监管部门为例

Policy Process and Innovation Mechanism of Grassroots Smart Regulation——Case Studies of District Administration for Market Regulation in Eastern Coastal Cities

智慧监管是对传统市场监管的理论创新与技术超越,表现形式包括“借力”模式、“筑力”模式与“通力”模式等。构建基于“问题流-政治流-政策流”的多阶段多源流分析模型,基于东部沿海地区城市区级市场监管部门智慧监管实践的比较研究与案例分析,发现基层智慧监管呈现从管理模式创新到信息化再到智能化的多阶段多源流模型的特点。智慧监管对提升基层市场监管综合效能的创新机制来自线上与线下监管“双轮驱动”的咬合效应,新技术在智慧监管不同阶段的渐进式增强作用,以及构筑“全景敞式空间”实现从运动式到无缝隙监管,建立广泛数据关联提炼高价值监管信息并辅助科学决策,以感知、预警、预测实施预防性监管并促进监管资源优化配置等方面。更好推进基层智慧监管,应进一步强化开放式监管理念,实现线下管理变革与线上应用创新的统筹推进。

Smart regulation surpasses the bound of theoretical and technical development of the traditional market regulation, with different patterns such as the “leverage” pattern, the “self-strengthening” pattern and the “full co-operation” pattern. The multi-stage and multi-stream analysis model is constructed, which includes the problem streams, political streams and policy streams. Comparison-analyzing and case-analyzing method are used basing on smart regulation practices of the district administration for market regulation in eastern coastal cities. The result shows that the grassroots smart regulation fits in a three-stage multiple stream model, which begins with management innovation, follows by e-regulation construction, and ends with intelligent regulation. The innovation mechanisms of how smart regulation improves the comprehensive effectiveness of market regulation come from the interlocking effect of the online and offline "two-wheel drive" supervision, the incremental enhancement of new technologies at different stages of the smart regulation, move from campaignstyle supervision to seamless supervision by creating a “panoramic open space”, make policy supports with high value information digging from extensive data connections, and reallocate regulatory resources with the help of perception, early warning, and prediction. For a better grassroots smart regulation, the concept of open regulation should be further strengthened, and the promotion of offline management reform and online application innovation should be considered as a whole.