基于层次分析法的梯次利用电池储能系统运行性能量化评估

Analytic hierarchy process based quantitative performance evaluation of second-use battery energy storage system

针对主动配电网中梯次利用电池储能系统运行性能评估问题,考虑梯次利用电池储能系统运行效益和电气量特征,提出一种基于层次分析的评估方法。构建储能系统运行性能量化评估框架,以主配网功率交换量和波动性改善程度为指标衡量储能系统运行效益,以并网点电压波动、三相不平衡度和电流谐波含量为指标衡量储能系统运行电气量特征。利用层次分析法确定各同层量化指标间的相对权重,由底层量化指标逐层向上线性加权计算得到储能系统运行性能综合评估指标值。研制基于动态重构策略的15 kW/30 (kW·h)梯次利用电池储能系统样机,在某典型高可再生能源渗透率主动配网中进行为期10 d的现场挂网试验,以试验数据为算例对提出方法的有效性进行验证。算例分析表明:梯次利用电池储能系统运行电气量特征良好,能够减少主配网功率交换量,平抑功率波动,提高可再生能源消纳。

In order to assess the operation performance of second-use battery energy storage system, a comprehensive assessment method was proposed based on the analytic hierarchy process, in which the operation benefits and electrical characteristics were considered simultaneously. A quantitative assessment frame was constructed, where the amount and fluctuation of exchanging power between the active distribution network and the main grid were utilized to quantify the operation benefits and the voltage fluctuation, three-phase imbalance factor and harmonic current of grid-connection point were utilized to quantify the electrical characteristics. The weights of indices at the same level were obtained by the analytic hierarchy process and the comprehensive index value was calculated by the weighted summing of quantitative index values. 15 kW/30(kW·h) prototype of second-use battery energy storage system was developed based on the dynamic reconstructing strategy and applied to the ten-day on-line test, from which the field data were obtained and used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The case study results indicated that the second-use battery energy storage system had satisfactory electrical characteristics and could decrease the exchanging power, smooth the power fluctuation and improve the renewable energy accommodation.