橡胶树棒孢霉落叶病对中国天然橡胶及相关产业的安全性评估

Safety Assessment of Corynespora Leaf Fall Disease on Natural Rubber and Related Industries in China

由多主棒孢侵染引起的橡胶树棒孢霉落叶病(Corynespora leaf fall disease,CLFD)是世界天然橡胶种植业的第二大病害。该病在中国橡胶树主栽区的苗圃和部分开割树上普遍发生,随时可能爆发成灾。为保障中国天然橡胶及相关产业的健康发展,本研究开展了CLFD安全性评估工作。通过收集国内外有关CLFD的研究成果,综合中国CLFD前期监测结果,明确了该病在国际植胶国和中国植胶区的发生情况,分析了CLFD的潜在经济危害性、受害橡胶树等寄主作物的经济重要性、病害传播扩散的可能性、危险性管理难度等,采用有害生物风险性分析方法进行安全性评估。结果表明:CLFD对相关产业的综合风险值R为2.30,属于高度危险,建议相关部门加强该病的检测、检疫等研究。

Corynespora leaf fall disease (CLFD) is the second worldwide important disease in rubber plantations. Now CLFD is widely spread to the seedlings in the nursery and part of rubber trees under tapping in rubber plantations, and may cause serious outbreak at any time in China. In order to ensure the healthy development of natural rubber and related industries in China, the safety assessment of CLFD was completed in our lab. The literature of research related to CLFD at home and abroad was collected, based on which together with the previous monitoring activities of CLFD in China a clear of picture had be made of the occurrence of the CLRD in the rubber producing areas in China and other countries. The potential economic damage, economic importance of infected host plants like rubber trees, spreading probability and risk management difficulty of the CLRD were analysed, and the safety assessment of CLFD was made by using pest risk analysis. The pest risk analysis showed the synthetic risk R value was 2.30, which indicates that CLFD has a high risk in damages to natural rubber and related industries in China. It is suggested that related institutions reinforce the research, detection and quarantine of CLFD.