肝转移瘤微环境中的巨噬细胞

The role of macrophages in tumor microenvironment of liver metastases

巨噬细胞是人体免疫系统中最重要的固有细胞,具有吞噬、抗原提呈、防御微生物,分泌细胞因子、趋化因子等功能.巨噬细胞大致可分为两类:经典M1型和替代M2型巨噬细胞.M1型巨噬细胞参与炎症反应、清除病原体以及抗肿瘤免疫;M2型巨噬细胞则影响抗炎反应、伤口愈合并具有促瘤特性.巨噬细胞在大多数类型肿瘤中大量存在,在促进肿瘤发生发展中具有重要作用,这可能成为临床抗肿瘤治疗的良好靶点.现就肝转移瘤微环境各部分组成,以及巨噬细胞极化、功能以及其作用机制最新研究进展进行综述.

Macrophages are the most important intrinsic cellular components in the immune system, which have the functions of phagocytosis,antigen presentation,defense against microorganisms and secretion of cytokines and chemokines. Macrophages can be roughly divided into two categories:classically activated M1 macrophages and alternatively activated M2 macrophages. M1 macrophages are involved in inflammatory respon-ses,pathogen clearance and anti-tumor immunity. In contrast,M2 macrophages are related with anti-inflammato-ry responses,wound healing and tumorigenic properties. There are abundant macrophages in most tumor types and play an important role in promoting tumor progression. Macrophages may become a potential target for hu-man anti-tumor therapy. This paper reviews the components of microenvironment and recent progress about dif-ferentiation of macrophages and their function in liver metastases.