高稀土氧化物熔渣体系黏度的实验研究

Viscosity Experimental Study of Slag Rich in Rare Earth Oxides

钕铁硼永磁材料、AB5型储氢合金、镍氢电池电极材料等稀土废料采用H2选择性还原-渣金熔分处理后,废料中的稀土元素在熔分渣中得到了有效地富集。为了保证渣金熔分过程的顺利进行,采用旋转柱体法对熔渣体系的黏度进行了研究,以确定该熔渣体系的组元配比,同时使该熔渣具有高的稀土氧化物含量、适宜的熔化性温度和黏度。研究结果表明,当RE2O3含量为55%~60%时,对于RE2O3-SiO2-Al2O3-FeO-B2O3熔渣体系,熔化性温度随RE2O3含量的降低、FeO含量的增加而降低,而RE2O3-SiO2-Al2O3-MnO熔渣体系,熔化性温度随RE2O3含量的降低而降低。60%(Pr,Nd)Ox-19.3%SiO2-9.7%Al2O3-7%FeO-4%B2O3和55%(La,Ce)Ox-25.3%SiO2-12.7%Al2O3-7%MnO熔渣体系,具有稀土氧化物含量高(适中)、熔化性温度和黏度适宜,是最优的熔渣配比,可分别作为从钕铁硼永磁材料废料和AB5型储氢合金废料、镍氢电池电极材料废料中提取稀土的基础渣系。

Processed by H2 selective reduction and melting separation,rare earth from NdFeB waste,AB5 hydrogen storage alloys waste and Ni-MH battery electrodes waste were enriched into molten slag.In order to get the needed slag proportion during the melting separation and make the slags have high content of rare earth oxides,suitable viscosities and free-running temperatures,the internal rotating cylinder method was adopted to study the viscosities.The test results were as follows:When the proportion of RE2O3 is between 55%and 60%,free-running temperature of RE2O3-SiO2-Al2O3-FeO-B2O3 slag decreased as the content of RE2O3 decreased and the content of FeO increased,and free-running temperature of RE2O3-SiO2-Al2O3-MnO slag fell down with RE2O3 reducing.Because of their high content of rare earth oxides as well as proper viscosities and freerunning temperatures,the 60%(Pr,Nd)Ox-19.3%SiO2-9.7%Al2O3-7%FeO-4%B2O3 slag and the 55%(La,Ce)Ox-25.3%SiO2-12.7%Al2O3-7%MnO slag were the best choices for extraction of rare earth from NdFeB waste&AB5 hydrogen storage alloys waste and Ni-MH battery electrodes waste.