烧结钕铁硼磁性材料的生命周期评价

Life Cycle Assessment of NdFeB Magnetic Materials

选取1kg烧结NdFeB运用生命周期评价方法进行生命周期内所有生产过程对环境影响的研究,应用ReCiPe 2008方法对其清单结果进行评价,最后进行敏感性分析。结果表明,由白云鄂博矿至烧结NdFeB产品产出全流程对化石燃料消耗、人体毒性、颗粒物形成影响较大;在该流程中,选矿、湿法冶金、电解、熔炼、氢爆阶段对环境造成的潜在影响较大,尤其是湿法冶金阶段;敏感性分析表明,人体毒性和颗粒物形成是较敏感的两个影响类别。

1 kg Sintered NdFeB was selected as research object,life cycle assessment method was employed to study environmental impacts,and all production processes in the life cycle was selected as research scopes,and the ReCiPe 2008 method was applied to carry out the inventory results evaluation.Finally,the sensitivity analysis was carried out.The results show that fossil depletion,human toxicity and particulate matter formation are the major environmental impacts in the whole process from the Bayan Obo mine to the sintered NdFeB product process;Most of the environmental potential impacts came from the procedure of beneficiation,extraction and separation,electrolysis,smelting and hydrogen detonation,especially at the hydrometallurgy.The result of sensitivity analysis shows that human toxicity and particulate matter formation are more impressibleimpact categories.