“包”类动词的语义特点及其所构成的句式

The Semantic Features of Verbs Meaning “Wrap”( 包 )and the Relevant Sentence Patterns

本文所说的"语义"指的是"包"类动词所能激活的认知要素,如实施者(a)、对象(o)和材料(m)等。"句式"是指基于某一认知图景所激活的认知要素在经过两次凸显以后在句法上的排列格式。本文根据这些要素在句法结构上的映射情况对相关句式进行详细的描写,并对相关的现象进行解释。由"包"类动词构成的主要句式有"a用mVo"式、"a把o用mV"式等。

The current article addresses the cognitive elements that may be evoked by verbs meaning "wrap"(包,bao), such as the agent (a), object (o) and material (m), etc. A sentence pattern refers to the linear order of those cognitive elements evoked by a certain cognitive scene after they are selected and arranged. This article gives a comprehensive description of the various kinds of sentence patterns based on the mapping of these elements on the syntactic structures, and also explains relevant phenomena. Frequently used patterns include "a 用 m V o" and "a 把 o 用 mV", etc.