宣威市冬季室内PM2.5中水溶性无机离子污染特征

Characteristics of the water-soluble inorganic ions of indoor PM2.5 in Xuanwei City in winter

2016年冬季,在云南省宣威市虎头村和西泽乡新村住户室内采集PM2.5样品共48组,采用重量法测定PM2.5浓度,离子色谱法测定Na^+、NH^+4、K^+、Mg^2+、Ca^2+、Cl^-、NO3^-和SO4^2-等8种水溶性无机离子浓度,分析其污染特征。结果表明:宣威市燃煤旧户室内PM2.5日均浓度为52.5~417.0μg/m^3,用电新户室内PM2.5日均浓度为43.6~77.9μgm3。燃煤旧户PM2.5中8种水溶性无机离子日均浓度为21.90~68.90μg/m^3,且Cl->Na^+>NO-3>SO4^2->NH+4>K^++Ca^2++Mg^2+;用电新户8种水溶性无机离子日均浓度为12.53~48.04μg/m^3,且NO3^->SO42->Cl->Na^+>NH4^+>K^+>Ca^2+>Mg^2+。宣威市室内PM2.5浓度、水溶性无机离子浓度均为燃煤旧户>用电新户,燃煤是造成室内空气污染的主要来源。

A total of 48 sets of PM 2.5 samples of atmospheric fine particles were collected indoors during the winter of 2016 in two villages of Xuanwei City,Yunnan Province.The mass concentrations of PM 2.5 were obtained by weighing.Eight kinds of water-soluble inorganic ions,including Na^+,NH^+4,K^+,Mg^2+,Ca^2+,Cl^-,NO3^-and SO4^2-,were analyzed by ion chromatography.The results showed that the daily average concentrations of PM 2.5 in old coal-fired households in Xuanwei ranged from 52.5 to 417.0μg/m^3 and those in new electrical households ranged from 43.6 to 77.9μg m 3.The daily average concentrations of water-soluble inorganic ions in old coal-fired households ranged from 21.90 to 68.90μg/m^3,and the mass concentration levels of eight water-soluble inorganic ions were in the order of Cl^->Na^+>NO3^->SO4^2->NH^+4>K^++Ca^2+^+Mg^2+.The daily average mass concentrations of water-soluble inorganic ions in new households ranged from 12.53 to 48.04μg/m^3 and the mass concentration levels of eight water-soluble inorganic ions were in the order of NO^3->SO4^2->Cl^->Na^+>NH4^+>K^+>Ca^2+>Mg^2+.The indoor PM 2.5 concentration and water-soluble inorganic ion concentration in the old coal-fired households were higher than that of new electrical households in Xuanwei City.Coal burning was the main source of indoor air pollution.