阿尔都塞的多元决定及其对后马克思主义理论建构的意义

Althusser’s Overdetermination and Its Significance for the Theory Construction of Post-Marxism

为了批判人道主义马克思主义思潮和将马克思主义黑格尔化的倾向,阿尔都塞投入马克思主义理论研究。他运用结构主义方法,在比较视域下,批判了黑格尔"一元决定"的矛盾观和历史观;同时,从多维度深入阐发和论证了马克思"多元决定"的矛盾观和历史观。后马克思主义的典型代表拉克劳和墨菲在继承阿尔都塞多元决定理论的基础上,解构了其中的本质主义因素,为其更好地分析新社会运动和建构接合理论奠定了基础。

In order to counter and criticize Marxist humanism and the inclination of Hegalization of Marxism,Althusser, the French structuralist Marxist theorist, criticized Hegel’s view of contradiction and history through structuralist approach from a comparative perspective, and at the same time, expounded and demonstrated Marx’s view of contradiction and history. Laclau and Mouffe, the typical representatives of post-Marxism, inherited the theory of Althusser’s Over determination but deconstructed its essentialist factors, to analysis the new social movement and the theory of articulation better.