70年来中国区域协调发展的反思与推进

The 70 Years Reflection and Advancement of Regional Coordinated Development New China

新中国成立后的前30年平均6.1%的增长率背后掩盖的是大起大落的高波动增长,改革开放后平均9.4%的增长总体呈现稳定协调的特征,至2018年区域差距达到最低.前30年旨在促进区域平衡发展的行政性调节有其必要性,但所造成的低效率反映了计划经济的弊端.市场经济机制下的非均衡高增长导致地带间差距扩大,却为共同发展和缩小差距奠定了基础.市场化协调机制是符合经济规律的协调机制,中国实践已创造出多种有效方式.未来要进一步营造有利于中西部地区发展的市场化政策环境,促进市场经济体制机制的完善,推动中西部地区成为向西对外开放的前沿,加强与东部地区合作,促进优质要素回流.

The average growth rate of 6.1% in the first 30 years after the founding of New China conceal the high volatility growth of the ups and downs. After the reform and opening up, the average growth rate of 9.4% is generally stable and coordinated, and the regional disparity will reach the lowest level in 2018. The administrative adjustments aimed at promoting balanced regional development in the first 30 years are necessary, but the inefficiency caused reflects the shortcomings of the planned economy. The unbalanced high growth under the market economy mechanism has led to the widening of the gap between regions, but laid the foundation for common development and narrowing the gap. The market-oriented coordination mechanism is a coordination mechanism that conforms to economic laws, and Chinese practice has created many effective ways. In the future, we should further create a market-oriented policy environment conducive to the development of the central and western regions, promote the improvement of the market economy concept and system, promote the central and western regions to become the frontier of opening to the west, strengthen cooperation with the eastern region, and promote the return of high-quality elements.