断奶前纯血马马驹粪便菌群多样性分析

Analysis of Fecal Microflora Diversity for Thoroughbred Foals before Weaning

本试验旨在分析纯血马断奶前马驹粪便菌群多样性。选择出生日期相近、平均体重为(128.56±8.34) kg断奶前1周的本地自繁纯血马公马驹5匹(编号分别为CJ1、CJ2、CJ3、CJ4和CJ5),分别采集马驹全天的粪便样品,采用高通量测序技术分析马驹粪便菌群多样性。结果显示:1)在门水平上,断奶前马驹粪便中排在前10的菌门为变形菌门、厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门、广古菌门、疣微菌门、螺旋体菌门、未明确细菌(unidentified_Bacteria)、纤维杆菌门及无壁菌门,其中变形菌门、厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和放线菌门的丰度之和超过90%。2)编号为CJ1和CJ3的马驹粪便中丰度最高的菌门为变形菌门,分别为74. 01%和75. 72%;编号为CJ2、CJ4及CJ5的马驹粪便中丰度最高的菌门为厚壁菌门,分别为69. 75%、68. 27%和57. 85%。3)编号为CJ1和CJ3的马驹粪便菌群中莫拉菌科和不动杆菌属分别为科和属水平的优势菌,丰度均在70%以上。由此可见,纯血马断奶前马驹粪便中丰度较高的菌门为厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、变形菌门、放线菌门;患肠道炎症马驹(编号为CJ1和CJ3的马驹)粪便中变形菌门、莫拉菌科和不动杆菌属的丰度较高,为各自分类水平上的优势菌。

The aim of this study was to investigate the fecal microflora diversity of thoroughbred foals before weaning. Five thoroughbred local self-bred male foals with similar birth date and the average body weight of(128.56±8.34) kg were selected which were numbered CJ1,CJ2,CJ3,CJ4 and CJ5,and fecal samples of foals at 1 week before weaning were collected throughout the day for high-throughput sequencing technique to analyze the diversity of fecal microflora of foals. The results showed as follows: 1) at phylum level,the top 10 bacteria in foal feces were Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria,Euryarchaeota,Verrucomicrobia,Spirochaetes,unidentified _Bacteria,Fibrobacteres and Tenericutes,and the total abundance of Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria was more than 90%. 2) The highest abundance of bacteria in foal feces numbered CJ1 and CJ3 was Proteobacteria,with the abundance of 74.01% and 75.72%,respectively. The highest abundance of bacteria in foal feces numbered CJ2,CJ4 and CJ5 was Firmicutes,with the abundance of 69.75%,68.27% and 57.85%,respectively. Moraxellaceae and Acinetobacter in foal feces numbered CJ1 and CJ3 were the dominant bacteria in the family and genus levels,respectively,with the abundances of both more than 70%. Thus,the higher abundances of bacteria in fecal microflora of thoroughbred foals are Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. Due to individual differences,the main species of intestinal bacteria in foals are different. The higher abundances of bacteria in fecal microflora of foals with intestinal inflammation(foals numbered CJ1 and CJ3) were Proteobacteria,Moraxellaceae and Acinetobacter,which are the dominant bacteria at individual classification level.