新型玉米秸秆揉丝机的设计与试验

Design and experiment of new corn stalk kneading machine

【目的】在对传统小型玉米秸秆揉丝机进行研究和借鉴的基础上,设计了1种针对我国北方旱区玉米全膜双垄沟播种植模式下的新型玉米秸秆揉丝机,并独立设计了压扁机构、切割机构和揉搓机构,以期提高玉米秸秆的揉丝质量.【方法】运用Solidworks软件对该机的零部件进行了三维建模与装配,并根据玉米秸秆饲料生产的农艺要求对主要部件的参数进行了计算.【结果】压扁机构中压扁辊和划丝辊的直径为160 mm,转速为450 r/min;切割机构中,动刀的圆周直径为500 mm,主轴转速为1 200 r/min;揉搓装置中,内圆台锥角为66°,转速为450 r/min.【结论】该机作业时,秸秆丝化率可达95%,秸秆丝切割长度为20~40 mm,吨料电耗为2.4 kW·(h/t),单位功率生产率为417 kg/(kW·h);室内试验表明,该机工作性能可靠,能够有效提高玉米秸秆的揉丝质量,其各项指标均符合玉米秸秆揉丝机的设计要求.

【Objective】 In order to improve the quality of corn straw,the traditional small corn stalk kneading machine was used as the base machine to design the new devices for squishing,cutting and kneading so that the agronomic requirements in arid regions of northern China for corn membrane double ditch planting mode could be met.【Method】 Solidworks software was used to build and assemble the parts of the machine. According to the agronomic requirements of corn straw feed production,the parameters of main components were calculated.【Result】 The diameter of the flat roll and the rowing roller in the flattening device is 160 mm,and the speed is 450 r/min;In the knife cutting device,the circumference diameter is 500 mm,the spindle speed is 1 200 r/min;The cone angle of the inner circle of the kneading device is 66°,and the rotational speed is 450 r/min.【Conclusion】 Under working status,the stalk silk rate is more than 95%,the straw wire cutting length is 20 to 40 mm,the ton consumption is 2.4 kW·(h/t) and the power unit productivity is 417 kg/(kW·h);The machine is reliable and effectively solves the quality problem of kneading silk with high efficiency.And all indexes meet the national standard requirements of corn straw kneading machine.