监督下沉：市县实施巡察制度面临的困境及其优化路径

Supervision Sinking: Difficulties in Implementing The Supervision System at the Grassroots Level and Its Optimization Countermeasures

随着全面从严治党不断向基层延伸,整治群众身边不正之风和腐败问题就构成了基层党风廉政建设的重要内容。作为制度反腐的有机构成部分,市县党委实行巡察制度是打通监督"最后一公里"的关键,不仅有助于净化基层政治生态,而且可以增强基层群众的获得感。当前,巡视巡察一体化监督取得了明显成效,但"下沉"至基层组织末梢的巡察制度较之更为"超脱"的巡视制度而言,受主客观因素影响,遭遇"熟人社会困境""政治信任困境""人才队伍建设困境""制度成本困境""‘灯下黑’困境"等,造成一定程度上"巡不深、察不透"的现象,使得巡察制度的效力可能受到一定限制。针对上述困境,提出相应的优化对策,以期顺利实现"监督下沉"和有效覆盖。

As the overall strict governance of the party continues to extend to the grassroots, regulating unhealthy tendency and corruption problem becomes the main content of party construction. As an organic component of the anti-corruption system, the implementation of the supervision system by city and county party committees is the key to break through the supervision of the"last mile". It not only helps to purify the grassroots political ecology, but also can enhance the grassroots’ sense of gain and the degree of satisfaction. At present, the integrated supervision has achieved significant results. However,when the supervision system is implemented in grass roots, it may be affected by subjective and objective factors, and encounters"acquaintance social dilemma","political trust dilemma","talent team construction dilemma","system cost dilemma","‘black light’dilemma",which will lead to a weak supervision. As a result, the effectiveness of the supervision system may be limited. In view of the above five difficulties, the corresponding optimization countermeasures are put forward in order to achieve the"supervision sinking"and effective coverage.