话语分析视角下中国文化遗产的国际地位提升路径研究

The Explorative Approach of Promoting the International Status of Chinese Cultural Heritage on the Perspective of Discourse Analysis

越来越多的研究表明,文化遗产国际影响力与文化的话语权之间有着密切的联系。由于多种原因,当前我国尚未建立起基于本土价值和被国际高度认同的文化遗产知识体系与话语体系,文化遗产的保护传承实践也遇到相应的困难。其中很重要的一点,就是文化遗产概念本身源自欧洲,国际上有影响力的遗产文件、评定准则和制度框架也主要围绕西方文化遗产而设置,对中国文化遗产的诠释和国际地位产生了不利影响。从批评性话语分析理论出发,不仅可以用一个独特的视角解构权威遗产话语和遗产制度,探析其发展脉络和构建方式,还有利于构建基于我国文化自信且与国际准则相一致的文化遗产知识体系、话语体系、保护传承体系,增强中华优秀文化遗产的影响力和传播力,为提升中国文化遗产国际地位提供理论支撑,并借助"一带一路"等重大国际倡议,深度参与文化遗产的国际治理,走出一条既符合中国特色,又能够引领全球的文化遗产保护传承道路。

Increasing studies suggest that the international influence of cultural heritage has a close relationship with the cultural discourse power. For many reasons, China has not managed to construct a heritage system of knowledge and discourse based on its indigenous cultural value. This has incurred a predicament for the preservation of Chinese heritage. A significant point lies in that the concept of cultural heritage is derived from Europe. Therefore, the present influential international documents, the assessing criteria and the institutional framework of cultural heritage are mainly established on the western culture, which has a negative effect on the interpretation and the international status of Chinese cultural heritage. Critical Discourse analysis(CDA) is such a unique theoretical perspective, from which we can profoundly deconstruct the authorized heritage discourse and the heritage institution and analyze its history and constructure. Moreover, CDA could also help to construct a heritage system of knowledge, discourse and conservation based on not only our cultural confidence but also the international rules, strengthening the influence and publicity of China’s outstanding cultural heritage and providing a theoretical support for promoting the international status of China on this aspect. By aid of"the Belt and Road initiative"and other significant international strategies, it is feasible to deeply participate in the governance of global cultural heritage, setting out on a path of heritage conservation that is not only characterized with Chinese culture but also leading the world as well.