用于细胞检测的微电极传感器设计及传感分析

Design and Application of Electrochemical Sensor in Cell Detection

本文针对肿瘤细胞的活性检测、神经细胞的神经递质检测与巨噬细胞等的氧化损伤检测等细胞检测中的核心问题,简要介绍电化学生化传感器和传感方法在细胞检测领域的应用和发展,重点对不同微电极结构的电化学传感器的设计制作、细胞检测方法及应用进展进行了综述。电化学生化传感器从单一检测电极向集成多功能和阵列式电极发展,从单个电极传感检测模式向芯片集成微电极式传感系统发展,而在其生物相容性、检测限和检测效率等方面尚需进一步提升和拓展。基于微机电系统(MEMS)技术制作的微电极研制,电极表面的多种化学和生物修饰的敏感膜研究,从硅基到聚合物柔性基底电极的材料拓展,小体积、植入式、可穿戴式的电化学生化传感器研制等是目前发展的方向,其在临床检验、精准医疗、运动健康监测、老年健康服务等诸多领域中显示出巨大的应用前景。

The application and development of electrochemical sensors and sensing methods in the field of cell detection are introduced briefly,aiming at the core problems in cell detection,such as detection of tumor cell activity,neurotransmitters in nerve cells and oxidative damage in macrophages.The design,fabrication,detection and application of electrochemical sensors with different microelectrode structures are discussed in details.It is shown that electrochemical sensors have developed from single detection electrode to integrated multi-functional and array electrode,and from single electrode sensing detection mode to chip integrated microelectrode sensing system.However,its biocompatibility,detection limit and detection efficiency need to be further improved and expanded.The development of microelectrode based on MEMS(Micro-electro-mechanical system)technology,the research of various chemical and biological modified sensitive film on the electrode surface,the material expansion from silicon-based to polymer flexible base electrode,and the development of small volume,implantable and wearable electrochemical and biochemical sensors are the current development directions.It has also illustrated great application prospects in clinical examination,precision medicine,sports health monitoring,elderly health services and many other fields.