基于层次分析法的杆塔接地装置对人身安全影响研究

Influence of Tower Grounding Device on Personal Safety Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process

在线路杆塔遭受雷击或者发生接地故障时,故障电流经接地体入地时可能造成地电位异常升高而产生危险的接触电压或跨步电压,从而对人身安全构成威胁.基于层次分析法,综合考虑接地体对人身安全影响的散流特性、跨步电压分布与接地电阻这3种主要因素,结合仿真得出接地体周围地电位及跨步电压的分布规律,计算比较3种接地体的安全系数.计算比较得出,圆环型接地体是最安全的,适用于人口密集区域;方框带四条斜射线型接地体次之,适用于人口稀疏区域;方框型接地体最不安全,适用于山林等人口稀疏区域.

In the case of line tower lightning or ground fault,the fault power flows into the ground through the grounding body may cause abnormal potential rise and correspondingly dangerous contact voltages or step voltage,posing a threat to personal safety.Based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP),the safety coefficients of three grounding bodies are calculated and compared by comprehensively considering the three main factors of the influence of grounding bodies on personal safety,such as dispersion characteristics,stepping voltage distribution and grounding resistance.As the results show,the ring pattern is the safest,suitable for densely populated areas;the box with four slant lines is the middle one,suitable for sparsely populated areas;box type is the most unsafe,suitable for forests,mountains and other sparsely populated areas.