汉语佛教中的孝道思想与佛教的中国化

Filial Piety in Chinese Buddhism and the Sinicization of Buddhism

汉语佛教可以分为汉译佛教与本土化的汉语佛教。早期汉译佛教经典中有大量关于孝道的思想文献。由汉译佛教代表性经典中存在的孝道思想可知,佛教中国化,至少从孝道这一伦理原则来说,具有内在的思想基础。本土化的汉语佛教经典,以宋代高僧契嵩的《孝论》为代表,体现了佛教与中国传统核心伦理观念的高度融合,同时也拓展了中国固有孝道伦理的思想边界。佛教的中国化,无论在理论上还是实践上,都不完全是被动的中国化,存在着拓展中国固有思想边界的主动性的内容。因此,我们应当重视佛教中国化的过程中对中国思想贡献的面向。

There are two forms of Chinese Buddhism: Chinese translation of Buddhism and Chinese indigenization of Buddhism. There are a lot of ideological literatures about filial piety in the early Chinese translation of Buddhist classics.According to these existing records of filial piety,the sinicization of Buddhism,at least from the ethical principle of filial piety,has an intrinsic ideological basis. The native Chinese Buddhist classics,represented by the “Filial Piety Theory” of Qisong in the Song Dynasty,embody the high integration of Buddhism with the traditional core ethical concepts of China,and also expand the ideological boundaries of China s inherent filial piety ethics.Thus,the sinicization of Buddhism,both in theory and in practice,is not entirely passive sinicization,but also contains the initiative to expand the boundaries of China s inherent ideas.Therefore,we should pay attention to the contribution of Chinese thought during the process of the sinicization of Buddhism.