萨特综合现象学与辩证法的努力及其评析

On Sartre’s Efforts to Integrate Phenomenology and Dialectics

现象学和辩证法融合的可能性及方式,是关系到哲学内在统一性的重大问题。萨特的基本经验是,自在和自为的非实体化、以包容了意识的实践作为“事情本身”、以活动和体验作为将外在的“多”转化为内在的“一”的方式。但是由于自我反思的不彻底以及急于追求理论的彻底性,他仍保留了二元论和过多的概念思辨,对现象学和辩证法以及它们的综合都造成了损害。

The possibility and way of integration of phenomenology and dialectics,is a significant problem that concerns to the unity of philosophy. Non-substantialization of being-in-itself and being-for-itself ,taking praxis which contains consciousness as things themselves ,taking activity and experience as the way to turnexternal Many into internal One ,are his three basic strategies. However,because of his halfway reflection and haste theory thoroughness,he retained dualism and spekulation,which injured phenomenology,dialectics,and their integration.