丝绸之路石窟寺文化蠡议

A Brief Discussion on the Cave Temple Culture of the Silk Road

印度佛教经丝绸之路传入中国,佛教文化在中国传弘与固有文化碰撞、交融逐渐形成具有中国特色的佛教文化,成为中国文化的重要组成部分。佛教传道方式是经像并传,石窟寺造像、绘画等,又称“经变相”,是文化的载体。印度佛教造像存在不同的艺术特征,受印度固有文化及希腊乃至罗马文化的影响,传入中国又受中国多民族文化的影响。该文对丝路石窟寺像教佛教文化、中国传统文化思想以及造像艺术中存在(含有)的中外多元文化进行一些蠡议,以期对石窟寺文化全面研究起到一定的启发和积极作用。

Indian Buddhism was spread to China through the Silk Road, and Buddhist Culture in China has gradually formed a Buddhist culture with Chinese characteristics, which became an important part of Chinese culture. The way of Buddhist preaching is the simultaneous transmission of Buddhist scriptures and images, the statues and paintings in cave temple, also known as “sutra illustrations”, are the carrier of culture. Different artistic characteristics exist in Indian Buddhist statues, which are influenced by existing Indian culture, as well as Greek and even Roman culture. After they were spread to China, they are also influenced by Chinese multi-ethnic culture. This paper conducts a brief discussion on the Buddhist culture of the cave temple in the Silk Road, the existence of traditional Chinese culture and Chinese and foreign multi-culture contained in the statue art, so as to play which plays an active and positive role in the comprehensive study of cave temple culture.