消费对中国城镇居民阶层认同的影响研究——基于CSS 2013年数据分析

Study on the Impact of Consumption on the Middle-class’ Self-identification in Urban China——Based on the Data of CSS 2013

消费是社会分层的重要影响因素。以往研究多注重消费在社会分层中的作用,对于消费在阶层认同中的影响作用较少讨论。通过对于CSS2013年数据中城镇样本进行定量分析可见,消费状况对中国城镇居民的阶层认同有显著影响作用,生存型消费支出占比与阶层认同负相关,住房质量和发展型消费支出占比与阶层认同正相关,消费状况正成为阶层区隔和认同的重要影响因素。研究表明,国家应进一步提升低收入阶层消费水平,促进其消费结构合理化,提升消费质量,更好地满足居民美好生活需要。

Consumption is an important reflection of social stratification. The past researches focused on the function of consumption in the stratification, overlooking the reflection of the class identification. Based on CSS data in 2013, this paper empirically analyzes the impact of consumption structure on social stratification and identity of urban residents in China. The results show that consumption has a significant impact on the class identity of urban residents in China. The proportion of subsistence consumption expenditure is negatively correlated with class identity, while the proportion of development consumption and housing consumption expenditure is positively correlated with class identity. It shows that consumption status is becoming an important factor influencing class division and identity. The state should further raise the consumption level of the low-income class, promote the rationalization of its consumption structure, improve the consumption quality, and create a better life for the people.