认缴制背景下瑕疵股权转让后股东出资责任承担问题研究

Research on Shareholder’s Contribution Obligation after Defective Equity Transfer under the Background of Subscription Capital System

在认缴制背景下,股权可能存在出资不实、瑕疵出资等影响公司信誉的情形。股权转让行为系合同上的法律关系与股东出资义务分属两个层面,股东出资义务的转移,很容易导致公司偿还能力降低和公司信誉的下降,因此,股东出资义务的转移,不仅应经过公司与股东的同意,还应经过公司债权人的同意。股东出资义务兼具公法的强制属性和私法的自治属性,瑕疵股权转让后,股权出资义务并未发生转移,股东转让人仍应承担股权出资义务。应在履行出资义务后,通过增设股权转让人对股权受让人的追偿权,实现各方利益的平衡。

Under the background of the subscription capital system, there may be some situations that affect the company’s reputation, such as false capital contribution or defective capital contribution. Transfer of shareholder's equity belongs to company legal relations, and is different from shareholder’s contribution obligation. The transfer of shareholder's contribution obligation, which can easily cause repaying capability reduction and company reputation declining, should not only be agreed by the company and shareholders, but also by the company's creditors. Shareholder's contribution obligation has both mandatory attributes of public law and autonomous attributes of private law. After the transfer of defective equity, the equity contribution obligation has not been transferred, and the transferor of shareholder's equity shall still undertake the shareholder's contribution obligation. The interests of all parties should be achieved and balanced by adding the right of recourse of the assignee to the transferor after fulfilling the contribution obligation.