4122例学龄前儿童乳牙融合牙调查分析

Investigation and analysis of 4122 preschool children’s fused primary teeth

目的调查乳牙融合牙的发生率及分布情况,探讨乳牙融合牙对继承恒牙的影响。方法采用流行病学调查方法,对惠州市16所幼儿园的4122例3~6岁儿童进行口腔检查,并对融合牙患儿进行曲面断层片检查。观察乳牙融合牙发生情况,比较不同性别儿童乳牙融合牙发生情况;观察乳牙融合牙患儿融合牙的颌位、牙位分布情况及继承恒牙胚先天缺失情况。结果 4122例儿童中乳牙融合牙98例,发生率为2.38%,男女乳牙融合牙发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。98例乳牙融合牙患儿中下颌86例,上颌12例,下颌多于上颌;单侧型80例,双侧型18例,单侧型多于双侧型。单侧型融合牙中,左侧融合牙42颗,右侧融合牙38颗,发生情况基本无差别。融合牙具有一定对称性分布特点,有18例患儿同名牙左右侧对称发生,占18.37%。116颗融合牙中有23颗患龋,患龋率为19.83%。融合牙继承恒牙胚先天缺失率为62.07%。结论乳牙融合牙有一定发生率,融合牙易引起龋坏,对继承恒牙有影响,儿童口腔科医生应予以重视并及时处理,降低乳牙融合牙的危害。

Objective To investigate the incidence and distribution of fused primary teeth, and to explore the influence of fused primary teeth on succedaneous teeth. Methods By means of epidemiological investigation, 4122 children aged 3-6 years in 16 kindergartens in Huizhou were examined by oral examination, and the children with fused teeth were examined by curved surface tomography. The occurrence of fused primary teeth was observed and the occurrence of fused primary teeth in children of different genders was compared. The jaw position, teeth position distribution and congenital absence of succedaneous teeth germ in children with fused primary teeth were observed. Results Among 4122 children, there were 98 fused primary teeth, and the incidence was 2.38%. There was no statistically significant difference in fused primary teeth between male and female(P>0.05). Among 98 cases of fused primary teeth, 86 cases were mandibular, 12 cases were maxillary, the mandible was more than maxillary;80 cases were unilateral, 18 cases were bilateral, and the unilateral type was more than bilateral type. There were 42 left fused teeth and 38 right fused teeth in unilateral fused teeth, and the occurrence was basically the same. The distribution of fused teeth was symmetrical, with 18 children with symmetrical left and right teeth of the same name, accounting for 18.37%. There were 23 caries among 116 fused teeth, with caries rate as 19.83%. The rate of congenital absence of succedaneous teeth germ in fused teeth was 62.07%. There were 23 caries in 116 fused teeth, the caries rate was 19.83%. The rate of congenital absence of inherited permanent teeth germ in fused teeth was 62.07%. Conclusion Fused primary teeth have a certain incidence. Fused teeth are easy to cause caries and have an impact on succedaneous teeth. Children’s dentists should pay attention to it and deal with them in time to reduce the harm of fused primary teeth.