扬州地区无偿献血者血液核酸检测结果分析

Analysis on the test results of blood nucleic acid of volunteer blood donors in Yangzhou area

目的了解扬州地区无偿献血者血液核酸检测情况。方法对扬州地区2015~2017年118515例血液核酸标本采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR法)进行检测,采取8人份混合检测模式,阳性拆分单检,实验均设有内部对照品、质控、阴阳性对照,拆分阳性标本送江苏省血液中心进一步确认。结果2015~2017年共检出HBV-DNA阳性106例,阳性检出率0.09%;检出HIV-RNA阳性4例,阳性检出率0.003%;未检出HCV-RNA阳性。HBV-DNA阳性送检标本经省血液中心确证为阳性100例,占94.34%,HIV-RNA阳性确证为阳性2例,占50.00%。18例上海科华HBV-DNA阳性献血者中抗-HBc阳性率100.00%。结论核酸检测技术用于献血者血液筛查可以提高输血安全系数,保证用血安全,与酶联免疫检测联合应用,可以更好地保护献血者资源,为社会提供安全、有效的血液,挽救患者生命。

Objective To understand the test results of blood nucleic acid of volunteer blood donors in Yangzhou area. Methods A total of 118 515 blood nucleic acid specimens which were collected from 2015 to 2017 in Yangzhou area were detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR). A mixed detection mode of 8 people was applied, and split separated test was used for positive specimens. The experiment was equipped with internal control, quality control, and negative and positive controls. The positive specimens were split and further confirmed by the Jiangsu Blood Center. Results A total of 106 HBV-DNA positive samples were detected from 2015 to 2017, and the positive detection rate was 0.09%;4 cases were positive for HIV-RNA, and the positive detection rate was 0.003%;no positive HCV-RNA was detected. The HBV-DNA positive specimens were confirmed to be positive in 100 cases by the provincial blood center, accounting for 94.34%. HIV-RNA positive specimens were confirmed to be positive in 2 cases, accounting for 50.00%. The anti-HBc positive rate in 18 HBV-DNA positive donors by KHB was 100.00%. Conclusion Nucleic acid detection technique for blood screening of blood donors can improve the safety factor of blood transfusion and ensure blood safety. Combined with enzyme-linked immunoassay, it can better protect the blood donor resources, provide safe and effective blood for the society, and save the lives of patients.