白癜风发病机制研究热点解析

Pathogenesis of vitiligo

目前关于白癜风的发病机制研究除了以往备受关注的黑素细胞内在缺陷和T细胞介导的靶向黑素细胞的特异性免疫应答外,越来越多的研究关注黑素细胞内在损伤激活的固有免疫反应,以及角质形成细胞在白癜风皮肤免疫微环境中的关键调控作用。但仍有较多问题尚未解决,包括黑素细胞如何激活固有免疫、进而启动适应性免疫应答,以及角质形成细胞如何与T细胞交流调控皮肤免疫等。未来我们需要明确以上各方面如何协同促进白癜风黑素细胞损伤,进而开发针对性的治疗措施和药物。

While researches about pathogenesis of vitiligo have focused on intrinsic abnormalities of melanocytes and T cell-mediated specific immune response targeting melanocytes, the key role of innate immune response induced by intrinsic damage to melanocytes, and that of keratinocytes in the immune microenvironment in vitiligo skin lesions have become new hot spots recently. Many questions still remain unanswered, including how melanocytes trigger innate immune response and activate adaptive immune response, how keratinocytes and T cells alternately regulate skin immune responses, etc. In the next years, understanding how the above factors synergistically contribute to the damage to melanocytes in vitiligo will facilitate further development of new therapies and targeted drugs.