蚌埠市2007—2018年0～14岁儿童农药中毒流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of pesticide poisoning in children aged 0-14 in Bengbu from 2007 to 2018

目的探讨儿童农药中毒的流行病学特点,为制定有效的防控措施提供科学依据。方法通过职业病危害因素监测网络报告系统上报的农药中毒病例,导出并选择安徽省蚌埠市2007-2018年上报的0~14岁儿童农药中毒病例,进行统计分析。结果 2007-2018年共报告0~14岁儿童农药中毒病例1 895例,其中非生产性中毒1 885例,误服和自服病例分别为1 764和121例。2012-2014年发病率较其他年份高,第二季度为病例高发期(50.55%),县区病例多于市区,男、女分别占63.75%,36.25%。0~5岁组病例占全部病例的78.68%,3~5岁组年龄组发病率较其他年龄组高。杀虫剂是导致儿童农药中毒的主要品种,为1 018例,占53.72%。结论 0~14岁儿童农药中毒主要为非生产性中毒,且第二季度、县区、男童、0~5岁组病例相对较多。预防儿童农药中毒,应采取加强农药管理、改善儿童监护状况及生活环境、扩大宣教工作覆盖面等综合性措施。

Objective To investigate the epidemiology of children pesticide poisoning, and to provide scientific evidence for effective prevention measures. Methods Pesticide poisoning cases of children under 14 years old between 2007 to 2018 from occupational disease monitor system in Bengbu were collected, and analyzed. Results From 2007 to 2018, a total of 1 895 cases of pesticide poisoning and 1 885 cases of non-productive poisoning in children aged 0-14 years were reported. Among these cases, accidental poisoning and intentional poisoning were 1 764 cases and 121 cases, respectively. From 2012 to 2014, the incidence rate was higher than that of other years. The second quarter was a high-incidence season(50.55%), and the cases were reported in country side were more than urban area. There were 63.75% for males and 36.25% for females, respectively. And 78.68% cases were found among children under 6,the incidence of age group of 3 to 5 was higher than that of other age groups. Insecticide(1 018) was the most common cause of children pesticide poisoning accounting for 53.72%. Conclusion Pesticide poisoning among children aged 0-14 was mainly non-productive poisoning,and most cases were found in the second season,county among boys aged 0-5 years.To prevent children pesticide poisoning, comprehensive efforts should be taken including strengthening the pesticide management, improving the situation of children guardianship and living condition, expending the coverage of propaganda and teaching.