长江上游生态功能区划研究

Ecological Function Regionalization in the Upper Yangtze River

生态功能区划对于保障区域生态安全、推动经济社会与生态环境保护的协调发展具有十分重要的意义。长江上游是中国关键生态区域和整个长江流域生态安全的重要屏障,开展长江上游生态功能区划显得至关重要。以长江上游为研究区域,运用GIS空间分析技术,在揭示研究区生态环境敏感性与生态系统服务功能重要性空间分异规律的基础上,以子流域为基本区划单元,采用两步聚类法进行长江上游生态功能区划。研究结果表明:(1)长江上游生态环境整体上处于中度、高度敏感的状态,其中土壤侵蚀敏感性最为突出;(2)长江上游生态系统服务功能总体上呈现较重要、极重要的态势,其中水源涵养和生物多样性保护的贡献较大;(3)长江上游地区可划分为青藏高原生态区、云贵高原生态区和四川盆地生态区3个生态区,进而可细分为7个生态亚区和15个生态功能区。

Ecological function regionalization is of great importance in ensuring regional ecological security and promoting the coordinated development of economic, social and ecological environment. The Upper Yangtze River is such an important ecological security barrier for the key ecological areas of China and the whole Yangtze River Basin that it is very important to carry out its ecological function regionalization. Taking the Upper Yangtze River as the study area, this paper focuses on revealing the spatial pattern of the ecological environment sensitivity and the ecosystem service function by utilizing GIS spatial analysis technologies. Moreover, with the sub basin as the basic division unit, the Upper Yangtze River zones were implemented using the two step clustering method. The results showed that:(1) The ecological environment in the Upper Yangtze River was in a moderate and highly sensitive condition, while the sensitivity of soil erosion was the most prominent.(2) The ecosystem service function in the Upper Yangtze River showed a relatively important and very important situation, while the water conservation and biodiversity conservation were more important.(3) The Upper Yangtze River can be divided into three ecological areas, which are the Qinghai Tibet plateau ecological area, the Yunnan Guizhou plateau ecological area and the Sichuan basin ecological area, which can be further subdivided into seven ecological sub-regions and fifteen ecological function regions.