养分专家系统推荐施肥对湖北中稻产量和养分利用率的影响

Effects of nutrient expert recommendation fertilization on middle rice yield and nutrient utilization in Hubei province

为评价中稻养分专家系统(Nutrient Expert,NE)推荐施肥对中稻产量效应、养分利用率的影响,于2013~2017年期间在湖北省开展了42个试验,并对结果进行了分析。广水市推荐施肥NE比习惯施肥FP施氮肥低18.0%,磷肥高23.9%和钾肥高8.9%情况下,中稻增产1.4%,差异不显著。赤壁市推荐施肥NE比习惯施肥FP施氮、磷和钾肥分别减少8.8%、32.9%和44.1%的情况下,中稻增产6.9%,差异不显著。中稻氮、磷和钾肥平均农学效率分别为12.5、9.5和1.3 kg/kg,中稻氮、磷和钾肥平均当季利用率分别为39.8%、6.5%和27.9%。水稻养分专家系统推荐施肥促进了水稻对氮磷钾养分的吸收和利用,达到增产增收效果,氮肥利用效率也高于全国平均水平,可在中稻种植区推广应用。

This research evaluated the effect of fertilizer recommendation method of nutrient expert system(NE)on rice yield and nutrient use efficiency in Hubei province.Totally 42 experiments on rice growth were conducted during 2013 to 2017.In Guangshui county,compared with farmer’s practice,the NE recommendation significantly reduced N application rate by 18.0%,but increased P2 O5 and K2 O rate by 23.9% and 8.9%,respectively,the rice yield with NE recommendation increased by 1.4%,which has no significant differences.In Chibi county,the NE recommendation significantly reduced N,P2 O5 and K2 O application rate by 8.8%,32.9% and 44.1%,respectively,the rice yield with NE recommendation increased by 6.9% than farmer’s practice,which has no significant differences.The average agronomic efficiencies of N,P2 O5 and K2 O were 12.5,9.5 and 1.3 kg/kg,and fertilizer use efficiency were 39.8%,6.5% and 27.9%,respectively.NE recommended fertilization for rice could promote the absorption and accumulation of N,P and K of rice,improve yield and income,and nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency as well,which is worthy of popularization and application.