生物有机肥防治烟草青枯病及对土壤微生物多样性的影响

Research of bio-organic fertilizer on prevention of tobacco bacterial wilt and its effects on soil microbial diversity

为防治烟草青枯病,在邵武地区试验田里施用了一种生物有机肥,考察了该生物肥对烟草青枯病的防治效果,通过对土壤样本的高通量宏基因组测序,研究了该生物肥对烟草根际土壤微生物多样性的影响以及与防治青枯病的初步关系。分析结果表明,施用生物有机肥的试验处理,烟株青枯病病情指数在3次观测中均较对照低,尤其在移栽后95 d时,青枯病病情指数下降了31.43%,而且上等烟比例、最终产量等经济性状较对照高。对土壤样本测序后发现,生物有机肥的施用,提高了烟株根际土壤微生物多样性;不同处理下各样本的土壤细菌和真菌菌群大部分相同,但相对丰度有差别,这与青枯病的发生有着一定的关系。

In this study,field experiment was conducted using a bio-organic fertilizer to prevent the tobacco bacterial wilt in Shaowu region,and the effect of the bio-fertilizer on root rhizosphere soil microbial diversity and the relationship with bacterial wilt control were analyzed though high-throughput metagenomic sequencing method.The results showed that the disease index of fertilization treatment was lower than that of control during the three observation periods,the disease index decreased by 31.43% at 95 d after transplantation,and the economic characteristics of the high quality tobacco and the final yield were higher than those of the control. Sequencing results showed that bio-fertilizer application improved the root rhizosphere soil microbial diversity of tobacco plant(Shannon index increased).Soil bacterial and fungal flora of each sample under different treatments were mostly the same,but the relative abundance was different,which was related to the occurrence of bacterial wilt.