“健康中国”建设中各省市健康政策研究

Health policies at provincial level for the Construction of Healthy China

目的地方政府制定的健康政策文本是落实《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》(以下简称《纲要》)的主要载体,本研究主要探讨各地方政府在制定省域健康政策的关注点及异同点,为日后健康政策的制定提供一些思路。方法以2016年10月—2018年8月收集的21篇省域健康政策文本为研究对象,借助NVivo11.0质性软件词频分析、聚类分析、参考点等功能进行文本分析。结果通过聚类分析21份政策文本和《纲要》得出Pearson相关系数为0.73~0.97;地方政府主要集中精力在“优化健康服务”与“建设健康环境”的建设任务上,在“健康环境、健康服务与保障、健康生活”领域分别新增17、14、10个指标。结论省域健康政策文本以《纲要》为指导且在不同领域各有侧重,虽立足实际但创新不足,层级清晰但权责不明。地方政府要制定具有针对性和可实践性的健康政策,为推进卫生事业发展贡献更多新思路、新模式。

Objective To discuss concerns, similarities and differences of provincial health policies for the implementation of 'Healthy China 2030' Plan and to provide considerations for future health policy development. Methods We searched 21 health policy documents issued by governmental agencies of provincial level regions from October 2016 to August 2018 and performed word frequency, cluster, and reference point analysis for the documents using NVivo 11.0 qualitative software. Results The cluster analysis for the 21 documents and ‘Healthy China 2030' Plan resulted in the Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.73 – 0.97. The local governments concentrated their efforts mainly on the construction tasks of optimizing health services and building a healthy environment;totally 17, 14, and 10 indicators were proposed by the policy documents for assessing healthy environment, health service and support, and healthy living. Conclusion All provincial health policy documents are in line with the guiding principles of 'Healthy China 2030' Plan but emphasize concerns on various aspects;efforts on innovation and responsibility assignment should be promoted in health policy making at provincial level.