海南省≥50岁人群白内障流行病学调查

Prevalence and risk factors of cataract among residents aged 50 years and older in Hainan province

目的了解海南省≥50岁人群白内障患病率及其影响因素。方法于2014年1月-2016年6月,采用整群随机抽样方法,在海南省万宁市、东方市、三亚市、海口市进行白内障患病率调查。所有调查对象均进行现场标准问卷调查和眼部检查,采用晶体混浊分类系统(LOCS Ⅲ)诊断标准进行评价,运用χ~2检验、秩和检验及logistic回归对结果进行统计分析。结果实际调查分析对象2 243人,确诊白内障患者787例,患病率为35.1%。年龄越大、受教育程度越低,白内障患病率越高。1 439只白内障眼中,核型晶体混浊32.0%;皮质型晶体混浊占总眼数0.4%;后囊型晶体混浊占总眼数1.5%;混合型晶体混浊占总眼数66.1%。结论年龄、教育程度是白内障患病率的影响因素。混合型晶体混浊为白内障的主要类型,其次为核型混浊。海南省≥50岁人群白内障患病率较高,应大力开展防盲工作。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and the risk factors of cataract in the residents aged ≥ 50 years in Hainan province. Methods Using cluster random sampling, we conducted a questionnaire survey and ocular examination among 2 400 permanent residents aged ≥ 50 years in four cities with different geographic location in Hainan province from January 2014 to June 2016. We adopted Lens Opacity Classification System Ⅲ(LOCS Ⅲ) in diagnosis of cataract. Chisquare test, rank sum test and logistic regression were used in data analyses. Results Of the 2 243 residents with valid information, 787(35.1%) were diagnosed with cataract. Elder age and lower education were risk factors of cataract for the residents. Among the 1439 cataract eyes diagnosed, the proportions were 32% for nuclear opacity, 0.4% for cortical opacity,1.5% for posterior capsular opacity, and 66.1% for mixed lens opacity. Conclusion For 50 years and older residents in Hainan province, the prevalence of cataract is relatively high and mainly influenced by age and education;mixed lens opacity is the main type of cataract, followed by nuclear opacity. The results suggest interventions on cataract should be promoted in the population.