大连市某石蜡工艺品加工企业职业病危害现状调查与评价

Investigation and evaluation of occupational hazards in a paraffin craft processing enterprise in Dalian City

目的调查大连市某石蜡工艺品加工企业在生产过程中的职业病危害因素种类,并对其危害程度进行评价。方法2018年1—10月对企业进行职业卫生现场调查,对工作岗位的职业病危害因素进行采样、测量和实验室分析。结果企业存在的主要职业病危害因素有铝尘、石蜡烟、其他粉尘、丙酮、乙酸正丁酯、环己酮、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、锰及其化合物、一氧化氮、二氧化氮、一氧化碳、臭氧、电焊烟尘、砂轮磨尘、噪声、高温、局部振动及工频电场,结果显示,3个石蜡烟检测点、8个噪声检测点及1个局部振动检测点的检测结果超标,15个工作场所照度低于国家标准,其他危害因素符合国家限值。职业健康体检率为4.2%~18.5%。结论大连市某石蜡工艺品加工企业职业病危害因素种类较多,以石蜡烟和噪声为主,且部分检测点位超标,部分工作场所采光照明偏低,建议企业严格执行相关职业卫生管理制度,加强职业病防护设施维护,降低职业性有害因素浓度或强度,进而保护工人健康。

Objective To investigate the types of occupational hazards in the production process of a paraffin handicraft processing enterprise in Dalian City,evaluate the degree of hazards.Methods From January-October 2018,the occupational health spot investigation was performed in the enterprise,while the sampling and the measurement,the laboratory analysis of the occupational hazard factors were carried out.Results The main occupational hazards of the enterprise are aluminium dust, paraffin smoke,other dust,acetone,n-butyl acetate,cyclohexanone,sodium hydroxide,potassium hydroxide,manganese and its compounds,nitric oxide,nitrogen dioxide,carbon monoxide,ozone,welding fume,grinding wheel dust,noise,high temperature,local vibration and power frequency electric field.The results showed that the detection results of three paraffin smoke detection points,eight noise detection points and one local vibration detection point exceeded the national standard.The illumination of 15 workplaces was lower than the national standard.The detection results of other hazard factors met the national limit.The occupational health examination rate was 4.2%-18.5%.Conclusion There are many kinds of occupational hazards in the paraffin handicraft processing enterprise of Dalian City,which are mainly paraffin smoke and noise,and the results of detection points exceed the standard.The lighting in some workplaces is low.It is suggested that enterprises strictly implement the relevant occupational health management system,strengthen the maintenance of occupational disease protection facilities,and reduce the concentration or intensity of occupational hazards,thereby protecting workers' health.