2015—2017年江阴市女性乳腺癌筛查结果及影响因素

Screening results and influencing factors of female breast cancer in Jiangyin City from 2015-2017

目的调查江阴地区女性乳腺癌的危险因素,确定高危人群,为提出有效的干预措施提供参考依据。方法选取2015—2017年江阴市自愿参加乳腺癌筛查且年龄为35~64岁的已婚妇女进行调查,并对数据进行分析。结果不同吸烟史、工作劳动强度、初潮年龄、末次怀孕年龄、子女数、乳腺外伤史的女性发生乳腺癌概率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,女性有吸烟(OR=1.723,95%CI=1.085~2.739)、重体力劳动强度(OR=6.022,95%CI=2.563~14.148)、有乳腺良性肿块(OR=3.152,95%CI=1.424~6.977)、有乳腺外伤(OR=8.699,95%CI=6.135~12.336)、有乳腺增生(OR=1.701,95%CI=1.215~2.383)及末次怀孕年龄≥30岁(OR=2.850,95%CI=1.929~4.211)等特征时,发生乳腺癌的风险较高。结论2015—2017年江阴市有吸烟史、从事重体力劳动强度、有乳腺外伤史、乳腺良性肿块、乳腺增生及末次怀孕年龄较大的女性乳腺癌发生风险较大,应对具有乳腺癌高危特征的人群开展针对性健康教育和防控措施,从而降低乳腺癌的发生率,提高江阴市女性的健康水平。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of female breast cancer in Jiangyin area,identify high-risk population and provide reference for effective intervention measures.Methods A survey was conducted among married women aged 35-64 who volunteered to participate in breast cancer screening in Jiangyin from 2015 to 2017,and the data were analyzed.Results There were statistically significant differences in the probability of breast cancer among different groups in smoking history,work intensity,menarche age,last pregnancy age,number of children,history of breast trauma (all P<0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that females with smoking (OR=1.723,95%CI=1.085-2.739),heavy work intensity (OR=6.022,95%CI=2.563- 14.148),benign breast mass (OR=3.152,95%CI=1.424-6.977),breast trauma (OR=8.699,95%CI=6.135-12.336),breast hyperplasia (OR=1.701,95%CI=1.215-2.383) and the age of last pregnancy over 30 years old(OR=2.850,95%CI=1.929-4.211) had higher risk of breast cancer.Conclusion From 2015-2017 in Jiangyin City,women with smoking,heavy work intensity,benign breast mass,breast trauma,breast hyperplasia and the older age for last pregnancy have higher risk of breast cancer.It is necessary to carry out targeted health education and prevention and control measures for people with high-risk characteristics of breast cancer, so as to reduce the incidence of breast cancer and improve the health level of women in Jiangyin City.